Patronato rural, terra e poder : gênese e atuação da UDR em Goiás(1985-1994)

Abstract

The União Democrática Ruralista – UDR (Ruralist Democratic Union) is an entity of rural patronal representation, founded in Goiás in 1985, by cattle breeders and landowners that felt threatened by the governmental proposal contained in the Plano Nacional de Reforma Agrária (National Plan of Agrarian reform). Sustained by the principles of the Materialist-Historical- Dialectical method, this study performs a bibliographical and documental survey to seize the UDR since its formation until its disarticulation, in 1994. The incorporation of the land to the capitalist way of production as a factor of private property, withdraws from a part of society the access to one of the very fundamentals factors of survival. The capitalization of the land occurs both for the perception of income and for guaranteeing the submission of the expropriated to the relations of work. Acknowledge while social class and through its representatives, the agents articulated themselves to influence the State and guarantee the maintenance of interests. The Brazilian land ownership structure is characterized by high concentration rates and the rural classes, by utilizing the patrimonialism as an instrument of extra economic power. The intense process of exploration practiced in the countryside motivated the formation of rural and social movements, which after receiving the support of others institutions, like The Church, reached size and came to be identified as a threat be the rural patronage. In a crisis scenario of representativeness, the UDR emerges and manage to earn the backing of many fractions of landowners through its speeches and multiple ways of acting. Identified by the truculence with which it treats the workers, the UDR did not restricted itself to this facet. It was able to transmute to the political scenario all the power of influence and so build a political lobby capable of interfering in the elaboration of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988, regarding the agrarian policy. Although it has not been successful in the electoral processes, the political space won by the rural patronage in Congress through this activity, is a precursor of that one currently occupied be the Ruralist Bench.