Patrimônio, apagamento, inventariação e usos : um olhar geográfico sobre o Setor Tradicional de Planaltina (DF)

Abstract

The Administrative Region of Planaltina is considered the only urban center in the Federal District that pre-existed the construction of Brasilia, the current capital of Brazil, annexed at the end of the 20th century to its lands and which previously belonged to the territory of Goias. The history of this location was marked by the apogee, but mainly by the decadence of the post-mining period in Minas Gerais and its surroundings, and by the agricultural activity of the Central West. The memories of this historic city are recorded in its big house, streets, squares, celebrations, and festivities over almost two centuries, thus producing diverse cultural landscapes and transformations in the sociospatial relations of the Traditional Sector of Planaltina. The general objective of this dissertation is to understand from the geographical point of view, the Traditional Sector of Planaltina, demonstrating the sense of place present in its historical, property, and cultural aspects. The present study follows a qualitative approach focusing on direct observation and analysis of photographic records, secondary data, and theoretical reference. The research follows as a proposal for mostly linear case studies, and to achieve its objectives, goals are set that make up theoretical, technical, and cartographic procedures, a survey of theoretical and documentary references, from the choice of historic buildings and patrimonialism assets, passing through fieldwork and simple observations, mapping and spatialization of the analysis and evaluation and discussion of data on patrimonialization. These studies are important for the periodization of a place, as well as the rescue of cultural and historical memory, and become basic instruments for the formulation of territorial management plans and diagnoses of the impacts caused by the transformation of the cultural landscape itself, without forgetting to mention in the analysis of unrevealed contradictions beyond the city-heritage context. Among the nearly 4,000 buildings belonging to the architectural-urban complex of the Traditional Sector of Planaltina, 21 buildings that pre-existed the construction of Brasilia deserved individual listing and protection by the local government. These buildings were selected for inventory due to their historical and cultural relevance and thus make up the case study. Twelve of these buildings are located in the preservation and conservation polygon proposed by the district legislation, and the other nine are located in the surroundings of the state's heritage area. In the field, progress was made in the process of alteration and de-characterization of some properties, which compromises not only the preservation but also the conservation of these assets. The Traditional Sector of Planaltina plunges into a process of de-characterization and ruination of its past landscape; we are talking about a historical and cultural erasure. The properties, blocks, squares, streets, and avenues now listed by local decrees do not guarantee their preservati on and conservation, as well as in the areas where they are located.