Caracterização dos frutos e sementes da swartzia burchelli, extração e caracterização do amido e sua Aplicação na cobertura de morangos

Abstract

The Cerrado, holds a rich heritage of natural resources, is home to species of fruit still little known. From Swartzia burchelli, for example, fruits and seeds have not yet been elucidated. Therefore this study aims to determine the physical measurements of the fruit and seeds and physical characterization and physical chemistry of starch extracted from the seed of S.burchelli and preparation of coatings for application in the conservation of strawberries. Fruits were collected at Fazenda Boa Vista of milk, in the municipality of Gameleira of Goiás. We selected 50 fruits, ripe for the physical characterization of fruits and seeds, determining the length, width, height, weight and number of seeds / fruit. The results were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis. The Starch extracted from the seeds was determined by their physico-chemical composition, shape and size of the granules and their rheological properties. Analyses were performed in triplicate and results expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The films were prepared according to the technique of casting, prepared with starch and glycerol amounts that varied according to the completely randomized factorial design 22 (Starch: 1.44 and 3.56% and glycerol: 5.86 to 34 14% based on weight of starch). The films were characterized as to thickness to, water vapor permeability and solubility in water. We applied a mathematical model predictive of the dependent variables (thickness, permeability and solubility), using analysis of variance at 5% probability, processed and analyzed with the help of statistical analysis program Statistica 8.0 The filmogenic solutions were applied as coverage on postharvest strawberry cultivar Sweet Charlie. The selection of roofing was carried out according to the ability to permeation of films, selecting those with lower and higher permeability. The strawberry fruits were packed in polystyrene trays, each with 8 fruits exposed at room temperature. Analyses were performed at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days, the mass loss, pH, titratable acidity and soluble solids. The extracted starch showed a purity of 99.24% with low yields of other fractions in their chemical composition. Their granules showed ovals, round and flat, with length and width of approximately 30 microns. The rheological properties showed that starch has a low swelling power and has a high viscosity. By varying the amount of starch and glycerol in filmogenic solution is obtained films with different properties of thickness, permeability and solubility. Since treatment with 3.56% starch and 34.14% glycerol the highest permeability, while the lower permeability and higher solubility was the film containing 1.44% starch and 5.86% glycerol, that when used as cover for strawberries, they had less loss and minor changes in their physiological characteristics.