Diagnóstico molecular do genótipo A2A2 em bovinos de aptidão leiteira do Brasil

Abstract

Within the context of global and Brazilian dairy cattle farming, milk production plays an essential role in nutrition, the economy, and the social landscape. In this scenario, A2A2 milk has increasingly stood out in the global market, mainly due to its benefits and impact on dairy products in general. For some time now, A2 milk has been the subject of research due to its genetic potential and its advantages for human health, resulting in fewer adverse effects in certain individuals. In addition to being a global trend that brings benefits and opportunities to producers and dairy industries, A2 milk has a promising future in the global market with its significant growth. In this context, the present study aimed to report the occurrence of the A2A2 gene in cattle from various states of Brazil between January 2023 and December 2024. The animals had their genetic material tested to verify the presence of the gene. Additionally, this study includes a brief review of the topic and related subjects, such as the most genetically predisposed breeds, selection processes, differences between milk protein allergy and lactose intolerance, among others. Breeds with a higher genetic predisposition for the A2 gene are increasingly being selected through genetic improvement and genotyping technologies, which has consequently increased the demand for testing this predisposition. The topic addressed in this study aims to contribute to future research on this growing subject and market.