Influência de pontas e estandes no espectro de gotas e deposição de calda de pulverização na cultura do feijoeiro

Abstract

The Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) in Brazil is one of the most important , both in social issues , and economic. While cultural practices are modernized in recent years, the current yield is still well below the potential of the crop. One of the causes of low productivity is the occurrence of diseases such as white mold ( sclerotinia Sclerotina ) . In this context , the objective was to analyze the influence of different nozzle deposition and droplet spectrum of the common bean grown in different stands in areas with white mold problem . The experiments were conducted in two growing seasons , 2012 and 2013 , the experimental area Emater - Annapolis . It was used in a randomized complete block design with factorial 5 x 2 + 2 , with four replications . The treatments consisted of five points ( AIR Series \ DB 11002 , 11002 DB double range , 11002E simple array , CA 02 version CA -U ( universal ) and HB 3 ) , combined with two plant populations ( 125 and 250 000 plants ha -1). Additional treatments were used for comparison of agronomic traits and yield. Analysis of the droplet spectrum ( DMV , DMN , relative amplitude and coverage ) was performed using hidrosensíveis labels , the deposition of spray mixture in the middle and upper thirds of the bean , and the soil beneath the plant, through dye added to syrup spraying , besides the earnings productivity through agronomic characteristics , number of pods , plant height . The incidence and severity of white mold was analyzed for control purposes . Data were subjected to analysis of variance , and when appropriate we used the Tukey test at 5 % probability . DMV values ranged from 145.1 to 468.5 mm; smaller values found simple range and the highest values at the tips that have air induction system type on the tips . The tips that have air induction system showed broad spectrum of drops due to the inclusion of air in droplets . Tips cone type and range type had higher coverage in different plant extracts . The tip cone spray type showed the greatest variation in droplet size . The deposition in the irrigated experiment ranged from 0.115 to 0.308 cm - 2 l and water experiment showed variation from 0.122 to 0.313 cm - 2 l . The stands had no influence on the spray deposition of the common bean . There disease control experiment only in irrigated , since only the symptoms of this disease was diagnosed , the types of the control points not influenced . Productivity is achieved within expected levels for culture .