Morfo-fisiologia de bactérias isoladas de solo da reserva ecológica da Universidade Estadual de Goiás – Anápolis

Abstract

Microorganisms represent an important source of bioactives. These organisms produce enzymes that play an important role in industrial processes with high economic value. They have a number of advantages in their use and production. The aim of this study was to detect enzymes of bacteria in Cerrado soils and identify bacteria with high activity of proteases. In the first part of this study, bacteria of Cerrado soils from the state of Goias with potential enzyme production (proteases, cellulases and lipases) and phosphate solubilization were isolated and selected. The selection in culture media provided 73 bacteria promising in total from which 37 were able to hydrolyze proteins; 13 demonstrated ability to degrade carboxymethyl cellulose; 13 demonstrated ability to degrade tween; 14 showed inorganic phosphate solubilization halo in medium Pikovskaya's and 15 demonstrated the same ability in NBRI-P environment. The microbial proteases constitute approximately 60% of world sales in enzymes and can be employed not only in technological processes of detergents, cosmetics, medicines, foods and beverages, but also in dairy's enzymatic coagulation process for the production of some types of cheese. In the second part, the best three proteases synthesizers bacteria were selected (APK 02, 15 and ALT ALT 16). These bacteria were characterized as Gram-negative bacilli of rapid growth. The maximum production of caseinase by the selected bacteria was approximately 750 U.mL-1 after 96 hours of growth in milk broth at 30 ° C and 150 rpm. The enzymes produced were evaluated by SDS-PAGE and its molecular weight was approximately 20 kDa. Through this study was possible to verify the potential of bacteria selected for the production of industrial interest caseínases.