Entre os impactos socioambientais da modernização da agricultura e as alternativas para transformação: uma análise a partir do cerrado goiano

Abstract

The Cerrado is the second largest biome in South America and considered a hotspot of world biodiversity. The predatory occupation of Biome occurred more intensely from the 1970s, with the government action of implementation of the National Development Program (NDP) and the advent of the Green Revolution. So the whole technology package, which included mechanization, use of agricultural inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides, improved seeds and irrigation had the Cerrado field conducive to its spread. That led to deforestation of vegetation, field man expulsion for cities and loss of traditional knowledge of people who have umbilical connection to the biome, such as indigenous and maroon. The State of Goiás, which is inserted into the core area of the biome, experienced this revolution in intense field, so the justification this study. Among the items of the technology package, the pesticides selected for further consideration. Pesticides, also called pesticides or pesticides, are currently responsible for trade billions of dollars worldwide. Are substances which, while being increasingly used in agriculture may cause danger to humans, depending on the toxicity, the degree of contamination and exposure time during its application. They are directly related to the development of a number of diseases in human populations, including, cancer. It is necessary to urgently awareness of that pesticides are poisons that are put on the table and also the search for alternatives to destructive agribusiness, among them the Agroextractivism, theme little explored by current scientific research. This work is divided into three articles. The first has the general objective to understand the production process of occupation in the areas of Cerrado in the post 1960 and printed social and environmental impacts from this development model, the state of Goiás. The second text seeks to promote a process of reflection on the industry agrochemical and its impacts for Brazilian public health. Finally, the importance of agroextractivism sustainable use of the biome, surfacing, through a scientometric analysis, the reality of the existence of few scientific studies that address the agroextractivism, which is able to generate income, keep people in the field respecting the ecosystem resilience.