Resistência de cultivares de soja à percevejos (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Abstract

Among the pests damaging the soybean plant, bedbugs of the Pentatomidae family are the most important because they feed directly on the grains and pods of this plant. To improve efficiency in controlling these pests, alternative and sustainable control methods need to be implemented in integrated pest management (IPM) program. Thus, resistance of plants to insects can be an ideal control tactic, as it does not cause an imbalance to the environment, does not promote increase in production costs, has its cumulative and persistent effect, being compatible with all pest control methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate soybean cultivars infested naturally by the pentatomid bugs complex in field conditions to identify potentially resistant cultivars. The experiment was conducted during the agricultural year of 2016/2017 at the Experimental Farm of the State University of Goiás - Campus Ipameri, located in the municipality of Ipameri-GO with 17º 43 'south latitude and 48º 22' west longitude and altitude of 800 m. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with 23 treatments and three replications. The experimental plots consisted of eight lines of four meters in length, spaced at 0.45 m apart, the four central lines being considered as useful area, scoring 1 m from the extremities. The experimental units consisted of eight lines of four meters in length, spaced at 0.45 m apart, being considered as useful area the four central lines, scoring 1 m from the ends. The following variables: Perception population infestation, productivity in Kg.ha-1, types of damage (GDAN - Grains with no visible damage, GPSD - Grains with punctures, but without deformation, GPCD - Grains with puncture and deformation and GTDE - Grains totally deformed.). The total damaged grain was transformed into percentage with and without damage. Data were submitted to multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The t test was used to evaluate the correlation between resistance variables. Soil cultivars of the early and semi - early maturity group had higher yields than the late and late. Early and semi-precocious resistant cultivars can be used by producers of this oleaginous as a management strategy in the bed bug complex.