Superação de dormência de sementes e alporquia em umbuzeiro

Abstract

Brazil has one of the largest biodiversity of fruit species, a large part of which is unknown among these species is the umbuzeiro, a fruit originating in the Brazilian semiarid region, whose area is represented largely in the Northeast and North of Minas Gerais. The propagation of the umbuzeiro can be done either via semiiferous or asexual sex, which can be done through layering, tissue culture, grafting and cuttings, all of which have certain limitations. Studies of propagation methods and the introduction of these species throughout the territory can increase their production and recognition. In this research, it was intended to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of gibberellin acid in breaking dormancy of umbuzeiro, as well as the use of different growth regulators, indolbutyric acid (IBA) and indolactic acid (AIA) and different stem diameters in production of seedlings by layering of the species. To achieve the objective, experiments were conducted in a greenhouse located in the municipality of Ipameri, with a randomized block design, with two designs being performed for each process of the experiment. To verify the use of GA3, a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, five concentrations of gibberellin acid and four replications were used, each plot consisting of 32 seeds. And to verify the use of growth regulators, the vegetative propagation method used was layering, with a 2x2 factorial design, with two growth regulators as factors, AIA and AIB and two diameter being ≥15 mm and ≤ 16 mm and twenty layouts per experimental unit. The results showed that the concentration of GA3 combined with the factor of the newly collected seeds the most effective concentration for breaking dormancy of the umbuzeiro seeds is 750 mg L-1, as well as the best performance in the case of layering is that of regulator of AIB growth.