Tropologias do discurso de gênero e do texto literário em “A enxada” e “Ontem, como hoje, como amanhã, como depois” de Bernardo Élis

Abstract

The present work which has as theme directed to discourse Tropologies aims to make a discussion, from constituent characters of literary texts, more specifically short stories by Bernardo Élis, issues related to the process of social (de)formation, where the fictional world of short stories the fictional represents experiences inserted in the interior of Goiás. Besides, it also understand how the historicalcultural- geographical process can be decisive in the subalternization of marginalized characters inside in the literary narrative. Among the processes of subalternization, some stand out, such as: the oppression of the poor who lives in the countryside, the forms of discrimination to these ones are subject; the disregard of black people as a social being and consequently their downgrading of the human condition; the fragility feminized by the oppressive discourse; the discriminatory stereotypes of the female figure aimed at indigenous women. In addition, through the literary bias, characters present themselves in a reified, sometimes animalized way, through the metaphorization of language and other stylistic resources in the construction of the literary narrative that, however, end up representing the linguistic everyday life experienced in the real world. The research corpus is based on the short stories “A enxada” from the work Veranico de Janeiro published in 1966, and “Ontem, como hoje, como amanhã, como depois”, from the work Caminhos e Descaminhos published in 1965, by Bernardo Élis. From a scientific point of view for this study, the theoretical foundation directed to the study will be supported by authors such as Hayden White (2014), Homi Bhabha (1992, 2013), Pedro Fonseca (2011) and Paul Ricoeur (2000) among others who approach the subject in discussion. According to the methodology, this research is based on a bibliographical approach, since it uses works such as the stories mentioned above, so it will be analyzed and confronted with theoretical sources, which will theoretically support it so that, from this confrontation, the relation to the expressive load can be understood and provided by the tropes of discourse. The results achieved with this research, through a literary vision, are configured from the knowledge about the way words are transfigured in meaning, the expressiveness of the oppressive and ideological relationship to which the marginalized classes are subjected, the discursive tropes marked by discrimination and historically and culturally constructed stereotypes, from the oppressor's point of view, and which characterize the interior population of Goiás. In the case of the short tales: the black man and the indigenous woman are characterized as one of these stereotyped representations, they carry within themselves, like fictional characters, the reality of everyday life. In addition, there is the possibility of contributing epistemologically to research that aims to know a little more about the way that words have to significantly transfigure themselves through discursive tropes, consequently understanding the ideological prejudices culturally inserted in Goiás speech, inheritance of coloniality, which Bernardo Élis show us through his narrative production in the Literature of Goiás.