Purificação parcial dos polissacarídeos de anadenanthera macrocarpa e avaliação dos efeitos da incorporação em filmes de PVA / quitosana

Abstract

Materials science has investigated processes and products applied to healthcare, which meet quality requirements and are biocompatible and biodegradable, as natural ingredients are preferably used in their formulation. This work aims the extract and characterize polysaccharides Red Angico gum (Anadenanthera macrocarpa), production and characterization of a film-shaped hydrogel and verify the effect of the polysaccharides and its properties. Red Angico polysaccharides (Pegico) were extracted and characterized by using absorption flame photometry, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction and evaluation of cytotoxicity profile of neutral red uptake method in a 3T3 fibroblast cell line. Film-shaped hydrogels have been produced by varying the concentration of polysaccharides and were tested in concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0% and PVA 5 and 10%. The films were characterized by using infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (ATR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), mechanical testing (tensile strength/strain), color, opacity, solubility and water content. As control, formulations without polysaccharides were taken in consideration. Angico polysaccharides showed yield value of 13.04%, amorphous aspect (non-crystalline) to DRX. Through SEM, it can be observed a homogeneous appearance with irregular surface, microvilli and diffuse porosity. It shows contents of Na+ and K+ with values of 0.979% and 0.155% respectively, and non-cytotoxic concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0% Pegico. The effects of variations concentrations in polysaccharides on mechanical properties of PVA/chitosan blend films were assessed in PVA films 5 and 10% with the respective amounts: film resistance: 0.75 ± 0.08 N to 5.9 ± 0.45 N and 0.68 ± 0.06 N to 11.32 0.18 N, elongation: 3.82 ± 0.33% to 60.85 ± 12.15% and 13.45 ± 1.83% to 81.48 ± 7.59%, water content: 48.90 ± 1.15% to 58.31 ± 2.59% and 60.36 ± 2.08% to 35.13 ± 0.70%, solubility: 58.89 ± 2.14% to 70.63 ± 0.55% and 68.68 ± 1.41% to 81.64 ± 0.78%. The films had flexible aspect, yellowish color and clear and transparent shade, with promising possibilities for application in nanotechnology, topic application in drug delivery systems, composition of biomimetic matrices and in the study of new polymeric materials.